Pdf ce8394 fluid mechanics and machinery mcq multi choice. Centrifugal pumps are used to transport fluids by the conversion of. Fundamentals of fluid mechanics chapter 12 pumps and turbines. Once using check valve, the pump can be selfpriming. Centrifugal pump mechanical design, analysis, and testing author. The centrifugal pump at the surface lifts water about 15 feet by suction. Centrifugal pumps are the most common type of pumps found in doe facilities. Pumps and turbines autumn 20 objectives 1 understand the role of pumps and turbines as energyconversion devices and use, appropriately, the terms head, power and efficiency. Classification and parts of centrifugal pump, different heads and efficiencies of centrifugal pump, minimum speed for starting the flow, maximum suction lift, net positive suction head, cavitations, need for priming, pumps in series and parallel. It is an airtight chamber which surrounds the impeller. Classification and nomenclature circle6 a centrifugal pump consists of a set of rotating vanes, enclosed within a housing or casing and used to impart energy to a fluid through centrifugal force. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. Performance parameters brake horsepower shaft work work supplied to the pump some is lost inefficiency water horsepower mgh is the work imparted to fluid across the pump efficiency. Away from this design point, their efficiency drops rapidly.
However all pump systems are different, in some systems the friction energy may represent 100% of the pumps energy, this is what makes pump systems interesting, there is a million and one applications for them. Pdf these lecture notes support a course on centrifugal pumps for 3rd year mechanical engineering students. Centrifugal pumps enjoy widespread application partly due to their ability to operate over a wide range of flow rates and pump heads. Basic concepts of operation, maintenance, and troubleshooting part ii, understanding cavitation introduction in part i of the article, two basic requirements for trouble free operation and longer service life of centrifugal pumps are mentioned in brief. Lecture notes on fluid mechanics and hydraulic machines. A centrifugal pump acts as a reversed turbine except that in this device special modifications are. Pump turbomachines the prefix turbo is a latin word meaning spin or whirl, appropriate for. Dynamic pumps generally offer steadier and higher discharge than pdps. Notes, application, methods, principle and diagram. Of course, the pump can operate at other flow rates, higher or lower.
The impeller is the main rotating part of the centrifugal pump that provides the centrifugal acceleration to the fluid. How to verify that your centrifugal pump is providing the rated pressure or head. The rotational energy typically comes from an engine or electric motor. Thetwo most common types of hydrodynamic pumps are the centrifugal and the axial flow propeller pumps. Centrifugal pump used for lifting water centrifugal pump definition. View a pdf document of the contents page from the course workbook. The characteristic curves of a centrifugal pump, plots net positive suction head required by the pump.
Lecture 7 hydraulic pumps learning objectives upon completion of this chapter, the student should be able to. Let us consider a centrifugal pump and the velocity triangles at the impeller inlet and out. Subject fluid machinerytopic centrifugal pumps lecture 27 module 3faculty akshay mishra sirgate academy plus is an effort to initiate free onlin. For an oil field to have solid control, it needs centrifugal pumps. Centrifugal pumps are designed for optimal operation in their design point, i. Centrifugal pumps are commonly used to move liquids through a piping system. End suction pump inline pump double suction pump vertical multistage pump horizontal multistage pump.
The emphasis in this section shall be on rotodynamic pumps. There is no math, just simple explanations of how pump systems work and how to select a centrifugal pump. This tutorial is intended for anyone that has an interest in centrifugal pumps. Pumps operate via many energy sources, including manual operation, electricity, engines, or wind power, come in many sizes, from microscopic for use in medical applications to large industrial pumps. Working mechanism of a centrifugal pump a centrifugal pump is one of the simplest pieces of equipment in any process plant. Centrifugal pumps are used to transport uids by the conversion of rotational kinetic energy to the hydrodynamic energy of the uid ow. Pdf ce8403 applied hydraulic engineering lecture notes. In windpumps, piston pumps are much more common than centrifugal pumps since their efficiency is less sensitive to fluctuations in head and speed. With this type of pump, which will pump air with water, the. Ramaiah institute of technology, bangalore560054 a pump is. Pumps and turbines lecture notes, notes, pdf free download, engineering notes, university notes, best pdf notes, semester, sem, year, for all, study material. Consider a runner, full of water, discharging w lbs. Download pump cavitation and nsph pdf lecture notes. Balasubramanya 1 close the delivery valve and prime the pump.
At each stage in the centrifugal pump, the fluid is directed to towards the centre. A centrifugal pump is a rotodynamic pump that uses a rotating impeller to increase the pressure of a fluid. Radial centrifugal pumps axial boat propellers mixed. Jet pumps the pumping mechanism in this type pump usually consists of a vertical centrifugal pump operated in connection with a jet or ejector down in the well. The operating characteristic of a pump at a speed of 1430 revmin and a rotor diameter of 125 mm is as follows.
While a turbine is a device to convert hydraulic energy into mechanical energy, a pump is a device to convert mechanical energy into hydraulic energy. At some point flow stops and head is maximum 10 a b c note, head increases over the pump, then drops over the load. Basics concepts of operation, maintenance, and troubleshooting, part i i by. How the liquid is passed from stage to stage is discussed later in the notes on. A centrifugal pump acts as a reversed turbine except that in this device special modifications are made to increase the efficiency. Find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Avoid the mistake of using the discharge pipe end as the elevation for calculating static head if the pipe end is submerged see figure 20. Ramaiah institute of technology, bangalore560054 a pump is a hydraulic machine which converts mechanical energy into hydraulic energy or pressure energy. Pumps and turbines occur in a wide variety of configurations. In household systems, friction can be a greater proportion of the pump energy. Best practises pump ppt, centifugal pump powerpoint, pump. Centrifugal pumps basically consist of a stationary pump casing and an impeller mounted on a rotating shaft. Double suction centrifugal pump overview this fire fighting pump is high flow rate pump single stage double suction split casing pump with high capacity and pressure.
A centrifugal pump is required to produce a flow of water at a rate of 0. Fundamentals of fluid mechanics chapter 12 pumps and. A person riding on the bucket would note that the speed of the water doest not. Let us consider a centrifugal pump and the velocity triangles at the impeller. Velocity diagrams at the inlet and exit of a centrifugal pump impeller. Generally, the hp increases as we increase the capacity. This calculation can be done however it is long it does not significantly enhance this exercise. Advantages and disadvantages ofnonpositive displacement pumps. The impeller has a uniform blade length, b, of 2 in. The article includes centrifugal pump parts, working principle, application, advantages, disadvantage, pdf, notes. View a pdf document of the contents page from the course introduction and assessment notes centrifugal pumps and pumping systems introduction and assessment notes.
Positive displacement pumps allow liquid to flow into an open cavity trap the liquid in the pump transport liquid from the suction to discharge port mechanically force liquid out of the pump. Other than the bearings, and of course the driver, the only moving part in a centrifugal pump is the. Impeller pumps are by far the most widely used type of pumps in practice. Centrifugal pumps lecture 27 module 3 fluid machinery.
Centrifugal pump problems 5 overview of pump problems typically found on centrifugal pumps. The operating characteristic of a pump at a speed of 1430 revmin. For those who want to do detail calculations, some examples have been included in the appendices. The fluid enters the pump impeller along or near to the rotating axis and is accelerated by the impeller, flowing radially. This makes it more efficient in operating a large oil field.
Start elevating, flow rate drops and head increases c. Centrifugal pumps have a rotating impeller, also known as a blade. Centrifugal pump mechanical design, analysis, and testing. Consider pump to three elevations a, b, c pump head lifts fluid ignore any pipe losses a. The hydraulic machine which converts the mechanical energy into hydraulic energy is called pumps. A pump with low specific speed will generally render a relatively small flow with a. Fluid statics, fluid dynamics, basics of turbo machinery, hydraulic turbines and centrifugal pumps. Pumps and turbines notes syllabus, reference books and. Balasubramanya professor, department of civil engineering m. Pdf ce8394 fluid mechanics and machinery mcq multi. Index introduction page 1 chapteri,relationbetweenperipheralvelocity andhead 2 chapterii,design centrifugal pump curves characteristics continued bhp brake horsepower and capacity for the centrifugal pump to deliver the capacity we want, we must supply the pump with a certain hp. Centrifugal pumps develop pressure by increasing the velocity of the liquid liquid is literally flung out of the cutwater.
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